Spring Boot: Wie wird die Konfiguration von JDBC-Datenquellen ausgelagert?

Ich habe folgenden Spring Boot-Controller-Code, der funktioniert. (Einige sensible Texte wurden ersetzt)

package com.sample.server;

import Java.sql.ResultSet;
import Java.sql.SQLException;
import Java.util.List;

import org.Apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@RestController
public class DetailReportController
{
    @RequestMapping(value="/report/detail", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<UFGroup> detailReport()
    {
        BasicDataSource dataSource = new BasicDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://111.11.11.11/DataBaseName;user=sa;password=password");

        JdbcTemplate jt = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);

        List<UFGroup> results = jt.query(
            "select NID, SCode, SName from UFGroup",
            new RowMapper<UFGroup>()
            {
                @Override
                public UFGroup mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException
                {
                    return new UFGroup(rs.getInt("NID"), rs.getString("SCode"),
                            rs.getString("SName"));
                }
            });

        return results;
    }

    private static class UFGroup
    {
        public int nid;
        public String scode;
        public String sname;

        public UFGroup(int nid, String scode, String sname)
        {
            this.nid = nid;
            this.scode = scode;
            this.sname = sname;
        }
    }
}

Jetzt möchte ich die Konfiguration der Datenquelle externalisieren. Das heißt, die BasicDataSource-Klasse, der Name der Treiberklasse und die Datenquellen-URL sollten in application.properties platziert werden. Wie kann ich das machen?

Übrigens bin ich ein Neuling von Spring, Spring Boot und sogar Java Beans. Alles, was ich habe, ist etwas Java-Programmiererfahrung, hauptsächlich für mobile Geräte. Ich habe ein paar Tage damit verbracht, die Spring Boot-Umgebung zu studieren, war aber buchstäblich überwältigt. Geben Sie mir bitte die genaue Anweisung mit einem konkreten Beispiel.

UPDATE: Als ich die Antwort von M. Deinum angewendet habe, ist folgender Fehler aufgetreten, als ich die Anwendung ausgeführt habe:

2013-11-18 19:37:54.789  INFO 6868 --- [           main] com.logicplant.uflow.server.Application  : Starting Application on zeo-PC with PID 6868 (C:\Projects\uFlow\Dev\Server\Spring\uFlowServer\build\libs\uFlowServer-1.0.0.jar started by zeo)
2013-11-18 19:37:54.830  INFO 6868 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot[email protected]7f83698f: startup date [Mon Nov 18 19:37:54 KST 2013]; root of context hierarchy
2013-11-18 19:37:55.931  INFO 6868 --- [           main] o.Apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service Tomcat
2013-11-18 19:37:55.932  INFO 6868 --- [           main] org.Apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.42
2013-11-18 19:37:56.009  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2013-11-18 19:37:56.010  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1183 ms
2013-11-18 19:37:56.165  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2013-11-18 19:37:56.165  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2013-11-18 19:37:56.242  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2013-11-18 19:37:56.388  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/report/detail],methods=[GET],params=[],headers=[],consumes=[],produces=[],custom=[]}" onto public Java.util.List<com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController$UFGroup> com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController.detailReport()
2013-11-18 19:37:56.438  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2013-11-18 19:37:56.439  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
2013-11-18 19:37:56.788  INFO 6868 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 622 ms
2013-11-18 19:37:56.881  INFO 6868 --- [           main] o.Apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Stopping service Tomcat
Java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
    at Sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at Sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at Sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at Java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.boot.loader.MainMethodRunner.run(MainMethodRunner.Java:53)
    at Java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'detailReportController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController.jt; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.Java:292)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.Java:1139)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.Java:537)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.Java:475)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.Java:299)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.Java:228)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.Java:295)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.Java:195)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.Java:665)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.Java:760)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.Java:482)
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.Java:122)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.Java:509)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.Java:278)
    at com.logicplant.uflow.server.Application.main(Application.Java:17)
    ... 6 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate com.logicplant.uflow.server.DetailReportController.jt; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.Java:505)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.Java:87)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.Java:289)
    ... 20 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.Java:1051)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.Java:919)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.Java:820)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.Java:477)
    ... 22 more

Der Inhalt der Datei build.grade (ich verwende Gradle) sieht folgendermaßen aus: (Auf Vorschlag von M. Deinum habe ich die Abhängigkeit für org.Apache.commons.dbcp entfernt.)

buildscript {
    repositories {
        maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
        mavenLocal()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:0.5.0.M5")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'Java'
apply plugin: 'Eclipse'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'

jar {
    baseName = 'uFlowServer'
    version = '1.0.0'
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
    maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
}

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:0.5.0.M5")
    compile("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
    compile("org.springframework:spring-jdbc:4.0.0.M3")
    runtime("net.sourceforge.jtds:jtds:1.3.1")
    testCompile("junit:junit:4.11")
}

task wrapper(type: Wrapper) {
    gradleVersion = '1.8'
}

Und das ist die Application.Java-Datei, die die Hauptquelldatei ist.

package com.sample.server;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan
public class Application
{
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(Application.class);
        app.setShowBanner(false);
        app.run(args);
    }
}

Was kann gegen den Fehler unternommen werden?

UPDATE: Wie von M. Deinum vorgeschlagen, funktionierte die Anwendung, als ich die build.gradle-Datei wie folgt änderte!

buildscript {
    repositories {
        maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
        mavenLocal()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:0.5.0.M6")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'Java'
apply plugin: 'Eclipse'
apply plugin: 'idea'
apply plugin: 'spring-boot'

jar {
    baseName = 'uFlowServer'
    version = '1.0.0'
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
    maven { url "http://repo.spring.io/libs-snapshot" }
}

dependencies {
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:0.5.0.M6")
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:0.5.0.M6")
    compile("com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind")
    runtime("net.sourceforge.jtds:jtds:1.3.1")
    testCompile("junit:junit:4.11")
}

task wrapper(type: Wrapper) {
    gradleVersion = '1.8'
}